Modelling, Evaluation and Simulation during the Early Design Stages: Toward the Development of an Approach Limiting the Need for Specific Knowledge

The early stages of the design process are keys in the development of products and services. Nevertheless, they are marked by multiple constraints imposed on them, such as, most notably, a limited amount of time available for modelling and evaluating ideas and concepts. The present article develops an approach for modelling, and simulating initial design solutions during these critical early stages. The final objective is to minimize the amount of prerequisite knowledge a designer should have on the artefact being designed in order to propose, develop, and evaluate early models. First, the current work analyses the conditions necessary to develop a modelling and comparison environment for early design solutions. This is done through mathematical considerations of the design process. In a second part, the work proposes a modelling and simulation approach and develops the machinery behind it. The approach integrates and maps a series of normalized semantic descriptions of functions, generic engineering components and variables, a set of elementary laws associated with these components, and a set of elementary base units. All these elements are used to refine and guide the modelling process. This process is uses the Vaschy-Buckingham theorem followed by an approximation of the generic law describing the general behaviour of elementary components. This combination leads to an approximated model of the behaviour of the studied artefact. The model is further developed by implementing the behaviour in a system dynamics tool using two basic bricks of the system dynamics language, converters and flows. In a final part, the approach is illustrated through the case study of a beam structure.